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Discus, Hammer, Shot and Javelin areas have some basic information, whilst other subjects are currently wholly or partly "Under construction".  For further information, refer to the Reading List and/or your Throws Coach

The following additional information has been provided by a Senior Throws Coach and received with thanks)

Warning Sounds

The horn is blown once for the long throws to warn everyone that something is about to fly and they need to be alert (track athletes could get their make-up smeared). As you know even experienced judges get hurt. The horn is normally blown twice after a no-throw is judged, to broadcast the decision. At the end of competition the horn is often blown 3 times to announce stand down

Shot rule clarified

There is no style rule in shot for the elbow.  Lazy officials give a no-throw for a low elbow as a proxy for a "chuck" - they should be watching the implement and throw delivery.  With young athletes, this one area of laziness is particularly demotivating.  In fact there should be some greater leeway with youngsters who tend to adjust their arm position due to lack of strength.  I introduce "small" throwers using 1 or 2 kg shots; it is better to learn correct technique, and throw fast

Should you use the Big Circle or Little Circle?

Additionally, we should make it clear to teachers that athletes can enter the circles from any direction, and that the little circle in the cage is not for the girls, but is for hammer throwers. This latter is genuine.  Sometimes the youngsters do know more than their keepers, and this should be acknowledged.  Education is a two-way process